Innovative applications and future perspectives of chromatography-mass spectrometry in drug research

Chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) has emerged as a cornerstone analytical technique in drug research. Over the years, advancements in chromatography-MS have significantly enhanced its capabilities, leading to improved sensitivity, specificity, and throughput. This review explores the innovative applications of chromatography-MS in drug research, particularly focusing on its role in drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME), toxicity evaluation, and personalized medicine. It also addresses the future perspectives of this powerful technique, including challenges and potential solutions, and highlights how emerging trends such as high spatial resolution imaging and multimodal integration could revolutionize drug discovery and development. Through these innovations, chromatography-MS promises to contribute substantially to the development of more effective, safer, and personalized therapeutic interventions.