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Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease Outcomes: Critical Mechanisms of Liver Injury Progression

ORCID
0000-0001-7498-0556
Affiliation
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
Osna, Natalia A.;
Affiliation
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
Tikhanovich, Irina;
ORCID
0000-0001-8647-7069
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;(M.O.-R.);(G.S.)
Ortega-Ribera, Martí;
ORCID
0000-0001-5655-6778
Affiliation
Center for Alcohol Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;(S.M.);(C.Z.);(J.M.);(S.L.)
Mueller, Sebastian;
Affiliation
Center for Alcohol Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;(S.M.);(C.Z.);(J.M.);(S.L.)
Zheng, Chaowen;
Affiliation
Center for Alcohol Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;(S.M.);(C.Z.);(J.M.);(S.L.)
Mueller, Johannes;
Affiliation
Center for Alcohol Research, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;(S.M.);(C.Z.);(J.M.);(S.L.)
Li, Siyuan;
ORCID
0000-0002-6306-4621
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Sakane, Sadatsugu;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Weber, Raquel Carvalho Gontijo;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Kim, Hyun Young;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Lee, Wonseok;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Ganguly, Souradipta;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Kimura, Yusuke;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Liu, Xiao;
ORCID
0000-0001-8739-3684
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Dhar, Debanjan;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Diggle, Karin;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;(S.S.);(R.C.G.W.);(H.Y.K.);(W.L.);(S.G.);(Y.K.);(X.L.);(D.D.);(K.D.);(D.A.B.)
Brenner, David A.;
Affiliation
Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA;
Kisseleva, Tatiana;
Affiliation
Department of Surgery, Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA;(N.A.);(I.H.M.)
Attal, Neha;
ORCID
0000-0003-2666-6727
Affiliation
Department of Surgery, Atrium Health Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte, NC 28203, USA;(N.A.);(I.H.M.)
McKillop, Iain H.;
Affiliation
The Roger Williams Institute of Hepatology, Foundation for Liver Research, London SE59NT, UK;
Chokshi, Shilpa;
ORCID
0000-0003-3588-0434
Affiliation
Department of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA;
Mahato, Ram;
Affiliation
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA;
Rasineni, Karuna;
Affiliation
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;(M.O.-R.);(G.S.)
Szabo, Gyongyi;
ORCID
0000-0001-7759-8889
Affiliation
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68106, USA
Kharbanda, Kusum K.

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide and represents a spectrum of liver injury beginning with hepatic steatosis (fatty liver) progressing to inflammation and culminating in cirrhosis. Multiple factors contribute to ALD progression and disease severity. Here, we overview several crucial mechanisms related to ALD end-stage outcome development, such as epigenetic changes, cell death, hemolysis, hepatic stellate cells activation, and hepatic fatty acid binding protein 4. Additionally, in this review, we also present two clinically relevant models using human precision-cut liver slices and hepatic organoids to examine ALD pathogenesis and progression.

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