Comparative Studies of the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of the First Fullerene Derivative FD-C 60 (Fullerenol) and Second Fullerene Derivate SD-C 60 (3HFWC)

In order to maximally reduce the toxicity of fullerenol (the first derivative of C 60 , FD-C 60 ), and increase its biomedical efficiency, the second derivative SD-C 60 (3HFWC, Hyper-Harmonized Hydroxylated Fullerene Water Complex) was created. Several different methods were applied in the comparative characterization of FD-C 60 and SD-C 60 with the same OH groups in their core. FD-C 60 as an individual structure was about 1.3 nm in size, while SD-C 60 as an individual structure was 10–30 nm in size. Based on ten physicochemical methods and techniques, FD-C 60 and SD-C 60 were found to be two different substances in terms of size, structure, and physicochemical properties; FD-C 60 , at 100 °C, had endothermic characteristics, while SD-C 60 , at 133 °C, had exothermic characteristics; FD-C 60 did not have water layers, while SD-C 60 had water layers; the zeta potential of FD-C 60 was −25.85 mV, while it was −43.29 mV for SD-C 60 . SD-C 60 is a promising substance for use in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.