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Exchange Bias in Nanostructures: An Update

ORCID
0000-0002-6569-124X
Affiliation
Institute of Physics—Center for Science and Education, Silesian University of Technology, ul. Konarskiego 22B, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
Blachowicz, Tomasz;
ORCID
0000-0003-0695-3905
Affiliation
Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Interaktion 1, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
Ehrmann, Andrea;
ORCID
0000-0002-5101-4643
Affiliation
Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;
Wortmann, Martin

Exchange bias (EB) is a unidirectional anisotropy occurring in exchange-coupled ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic systems, such as thin films, core–shell particles, or nanostructures. In addition to a horizontal shift of the hysteresis loop, defining the exchange bias, asymmetric loops and even vertical shifts can often be found. While the effect is used in hard disk read heads and several spintronics applications, its origin is still not fully understood. Especially in nanostructures with their additional shape anisotropies, interesting and often unexpected effects can occur. Here, we provide an overview of the most recent experimental findings and theoretical models of exchange bias in nanostructures from different materials.

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