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Understanding the role of the gut microbiome in gastrointestinal cancer: A review

Affiliation
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics ,Gazi University ,Emek ,Ankara ,Turkey
Ağagündüz, Duygu;
Affiliation
MERCK S.P.A. ,Rome ,Italy
Cocozza, Ermelinda;
Affiliation
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics ,Gazi University ,Emek ,Ankara ,Turkey
Cemali, Özge;
Affiliation
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics ,Gazi University ,Emek ,Ankara ,Turkey
Bayazıt, Ayşe Derya;
Affiliation
Department of Pharmacy ,University of Naples “Federico II” ,Naples ,Italy
Nanì, Maria Francesca;
Affiliation
Department of Pharmacy ,University of Naples “Federico II” ,Naples ,Italy
Cerqua, Ida;
Affiliation
Medical Oncology ,Department of Precision Medicine ,Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli” ,Naples ,Italy
Morgillo, Floriana;
Affiliation
Department of Experimental Therapeutics ,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center ,Houston ,TX ,United States
Saygılı, Suna Karadeniz;
Affiliation
Department of Translational Medical Science and ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Biotechnologies Research Center and Task Force for Microbiome Studies ,University of Naples Federico II ,Naples ,Italy
Berni Canani, Roberto;
Affiliation
Department of Experimental Therapeutics ,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center ,Houston ,TX ,United States
Amero, Paola;
Affiliation
Department of Agricultural Sciences ,University of Naples Federico II ,Portici ,Italy
Capasso, Raffaele

Gastrointestinal cancer represents one of the most diagnosed types of cancer. Cancer is a genetic and multifactorial disease, influenced by the host and environmental factors. It has been stated that 20% of cancer is caused by microorganisms such as Helicobacter pylori , hepatitis B and C virus, and human papillomavirus. In addition to these well-known microorganisms associated with cancer, it has been shown differences in the composition of the microbiota between healthy individuals and cancer patients. Some studies have suggested the existence of the selected microorganisms and their metabolites that can promote or inhibit tumorigenesis via some mechanisms. Recent findings have shown that gut microbiome and their metabolites can act as cancer promotors or inhibitors. It has been shown that gastrointestinal cancer can be caused by a dysregulation of the expression of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) through the gut microbiome. This review will summarize the latest reports regarding the relationship among gut microbiome, ncRNAs, and gastrointestinal cancer. The potential applications of diagnosing and cancer treatments will be discussed.

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License Holder: Copyright © 2023 Ağagündüz, Cocozza, Cemali, Bayazıt, Nanì, Cerqua, Morgillo, Saygılı, Berni Canani, Amero and Capasso.

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